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10 tips to beautify self and the top model is the final choice

administrator — Mon, 15 Feb 2010 14:16:20 +0000

The world of women and beauty are two things that can not be separated, of course it is something extraordinary, especially women and the men were at today’s participation from all the old, young, big and small. this thing is a priority and is a symbol of pride for who can achieve and succeed in it.
it also encourages the interests of providers or the scouts the fashion world, hunting models have the desired model, in this field there is one company that cares about it, so can print artists of the top and very often produce top model world of modeling, film artists and others who regard the world, certainly for readers who love and beauty and model observers are familiar with famous titles such as Miami Escorts, Miami Escort, Florida Escorts, Elite Escorts, VIP Escorts , Exotic Escorts, High Class Escorts , then our conversation would lead to a company that is well known in the world model, call it KarinaKanela.com, Internet-based companies and is always updated for each model with charm and diversity that was created so that many people visit these sites to obtain information current, and also some other important things that is very beneficial in terms of beautifying themselves and make you become famous and aspiring model hunted many observers and scouts world model ,

10 tips commonly used in beautify themselves and do not be too Overstated

Here are the things that you can deduct:

Eyeliner
Applying too thick eyeliner can make eyes look smaller. If your eyes are small, certainly could be problem because you lack even more clear.

How:
Do not use eyeliner in the same thickness between the lines above and below the eyes. Apply eyeliner thicker

in line at the top than the bottom. Stop applying eyeliner in the eye when the difference is already visible.

Cheek rouge

Rouge is used to make the face look fresh. When the color that is applied too red, not the impression fresh look, but makes the face look unnatural.

How:
Brush on blush brush, and then in the air to flick when applied to the cheeks are not directly accumulate.

Brush the fruit cheek 1 – 2 times, so the color comes out only vaguely. Thin dab your first order can add a little every time he feels less.

Brow pencil

Establishing good eyebrows done to improve facial shape. However, forming eyebrows too thin, or even just remaining in line, making the face appear more assertive and seem unfriendly.

How:
Use a brown pencil instead of black on your eyebrows to a natural impressed. Avoid forming eyebrows too thin and use a sharp line to shape.

Lipstick

Using color is too dark lipstick makes you look older. In addition, also the show
fine lines around the lips. More than that, make you leave a trail everywhere, eg in glass Your take.

How:
Choose the color that best matches your skin, but not too heavy. A good lipstick color is a make skin look brighter. If you need a darker color, add the gloss to be
softens your lipstick color.

Foundation
Foundation is too thick to make a face like using a mask. In addition, when it was too long, foundation drying would crack and make your face look wrinkled.

How:
Do not dab foundation of the entire surface of the face. If you need something that can cover the whole, use liquid foundation. The thinner the foundation that you use, the better.

Eyeshadow
Using heavy colors on the eyes to the everyday make eyes look more severe and the face looks more adults or older. Although suitable for a formal event, but should be avoided during the day.

How:
Use a light pastel colors like pink or light blue. When you use mascara, after clamping the hair your eyes, simply applied once, so that the eyes are not too heavy.

Conditioner
To get great hair, a conditioner should not be forgotten. However, using too much will make oily hair faster.

How:
Remove the contents of conditioner for the end of your thumb, and apply only in part ujun your hair. Rinse clean to avoid residues.

Cowlick hair
Menguncir hair too tight will have even more features of your facial bones and a face looked tense due to pull on the skin too hard.

How:
When menguncir, do not lift it all at once and tied them too tight. Let your hair texture visible.
Drop a little fine hairs around the face to cover shortages.

Highlight
Highlight given to the hair to give texture and hair color highlights. However, when using too much, there will be no difference between the basic color with highlights, so the head looks too “full” and less harmonious.

How:
Highlights should not be given to the whole hair. Give it to some parts only and should be given to area overhead.

Make Up Bag Contents
Makeup bag whose contents are too many will only make you feel uncomfortable with it. In addition, the bag

appear larger and certainly disturbing appearance.

How:
Bring a product that can be used with fingers, so you do not need to bring a brush. Rest assured, you do not need bring eyeshadow or lipstick in the form of a palette.

tips to reduce the global warming problem

administrator — Sat, 30 Jan 2010 12:23:27 +0000

Actually we do not require radical changes to help the earth became more friendly. Change some routines that can reduce the “carbon footprint” you. Which will ultimately save you money too. But the most important is we give our children a better place to live.

Here are tips on simple but very useful if we do it on a regular basis. Tips for reducing global warming is already divided into several categories that can facilitate you to remember the carry.

Food and Beverage field

1. Reduce consumption of meat, bervegetarian is the best! Based on the research, to produce 1 kg of meat, the resources spent on the equivalent of 15 kg of wheat. Imagine how we can save the earth from food shortages if we bervegetarian. Livestock is also contributing 18% “carbon footprint” of the world, which is greater than the transportation sector (cars, motorcycles, aircraft, etc.). Not yet added the danger of gas, the additional greenhouse gases produced by other farm aktiitas such as methane that in fact 3 times more dangerous than CO2, and NO gas is 300 times more dangerous than CO2. And certainly many health and spiritual benefits of bervegetarian. You will become more healthy and loving.
2. Eat and cook from fresh ingredients. Avoiding foods that are processed or packaged to reduce wasted energy and transport due process repeated. Fresh food is also healthier for our bodies.
3. Buy local products, local agricultural produce is very cheap and also save energy, especially if we calculate the energy and transportation costs. Organic food is more environmentally friendly, but also check their home. If imported from other regions, possibly resulting carbon emissions would outweigh the benefits.
4. Recycling aluminum, plastic, and paper. It would be better if you can use it over and over again. Energy to make aluminum cans equal one with energy to turn on the TV for 3 hours.
5. Buying in large packs. Will be much cheaper, also save resources for packaging. If too much, invite your friends or relatives to share the moment buy.
6. Turn off your oven a few minutes before time. If still left closed, then the heat will not be lost.
7. Avoid fast food. Fast food is the largest waste producer in the world. Besides fast food consumption is also bad for your health.
8. Bring a bag that can be reused. Bring your own shopping bag, so you reduce the amount of plastic bags / crackle required. In recent years several large shopping centers in Indonesia have started to educate customers to use a system like this. So welcome their good faith to save the environment.
9. Use washable cups. If you are familiar with the modern way that always provides guests with a drink of water or coffee in the packaging. Switch to our old ways. By using glass, ceramic, or plastic food grade we can wash and reuse.
10. Shop in your neighborhood. Will greatly save transportation costs and gasoline you.
11. Planting trees at every opportunity. Both in the environment or by participating in tree planting programs. Can by donating seeds, funds, and others. Depending on the opportunity and ability of each.

In House

1. Lower the temperature of your air conditioner. Avoid using the maximum temperature. Use the AC at the level until you feel comfortable enough alone. And prevent leakage of air-conditioned room you. Do not let a gap open if you’re using your air conditioner because it will make the AC work harder to cool your room. Ultimately this will save your electricity bill.
2. Use a timer to avoid forgot to turn off the AC. Use a timer according to your habits. For example your office hours are 8:00 until 17:00 o’clock. Set your air conditioner timer in accordance with the office hours. That way no more incidents forgot to turn off the AC until the next day.
3. Use of solar water heaters. Although more expensive, in the long run this will save your electricity bill. (Even now existing street lights with solar power).
4. Turn off unused lights and do not leave water dripping. In addition to saving energy and clean water, this will save a lot of your bills.
5. Use energy-saving lamps. Although more expensive, they average 8 times more powerful and more efficient up to 80% of normal incandescent lamps.
6. Maximize natural lighting. Use bright colors on the walls, use glass tiles in the ceiling, maximize light through the window.
7. Avoid stand-by position on your electronics! If all of our appliances off (not in a position to stand by) then we will reduce CO2 emissions from the extraordinary electrical energy savings. Use the existing light socket on-off button it. Or pull the cord from the electrical source.
8. If you are recharging the battery is full, immediately pull! Cell phone, electric shaver, electric toothbrush, camera, and others. If you’ve filled immediately remove.
9. Reduce time in opening your refrigerator. For every minute you open the refrigerator door. 3 minutes will be needed to restore full energy of the refrigerator temperature to the desired temperature.
10. Do not buy cut flowers. If your area is not producing ornamental flower, it has flowers sent from somewhere else. This will result in “carbon footprint” is large.
11. Cut food in smaller sizes. The size of the smaller pieces will use less energy to cook.
12. Use cold water to wash and wash it in large quantities. If you have a small family, it is not necessary every day to wash. Gather up your washing machine capacity are met, this will save water, reduce electricity consumption and also reduce pollution from your detergent.
13. Use detergents and environmentally friendly cleaners. While this may indeed be more expensive price. But if you can, do it for the future of our children and grandchildren.
14. Use your furniture again. If you’re bored with your furniture, you can do in the garage sale, give to others. Or take it to pengerajin to be modified as you wish.
15. Donate a toy that is not appropriate for your child’s age. This will reduce the production of toys that will only continue to spend our earth’s resources.
16. If using a deodorant or spray products others, do not use aerosols. Options spray with glass bottles would be better. Aerosols are also a big contributor in our air pollution.

What You Need to Know About Securities Lawyers

administrator — Mon, 11 Jan 2010 14:22:02 +0000

Most people do not have any idea about what securities lawyers do; however, as Americans nervously watch the bear market and have their confidence measured and tested by corporate collapses, the field of securities law has found itself in the limelight.

What is a securities lawyer in the first place? A securities lawyer is a person licensed to practice the rules of conduct in the world of bonds, stocks, and similar instruments and mechanisms from a legal perspective.

They mainly in three branches: regulatory work, transactional work, and litigation. These three branches give these lawyers the responsibility to stay informed and up-to-date on the legal rulings and laws related to securities, work with clients, and to serve and act as a resource.

The primary focus of a securities lawyer is to work for corporate clients; hired on a retainer’s basis by large firms trading its stocks on the securities market. A securities lawyer may also work for some government agencies in legation or enforcement department.

Like other practicing lawyers, a these lawyers must be able to successfully complete a degree in law school. In the U.S. and Canada, all aspiring securities lawyers must complete at least two years of bachelor’s degree and a graduate degree in law school. Candidates are also advised to complete a bachelor’s degree in business, finance, or accounting. Since this is a very complex field, a solid understanding of financial and business accounting practices is required to become successful.

People who enjoy complexity find the greatest amount of success in this field. Securities laws are extremely complex and individuals attracted to this field must be detail oriented. Positions in litigation and enforcement can also be very challenging due to complex issues and creativity and skills of the corporate law firm.

A securities lawyer is also required to stay updated on all the developments and changes in securities laws. In the wake of many large financial scandals in the 90s as well as the financial collapse experienced in 2008, many courts gave careful attention and analysis at the securities issues and made several precedent-setting decisions. While these are not the case all the time, these are just an excellent example and illustration of how quickly securities laws can change.

One of the most important roles of these particular lawyers is interacting with the client, as he/she is usually involved in conflict resolutions, providing guidance on the company policy, protecting or safeguarding the company or client during audit, and handling litigation. With this role, effective communication and conflict resolution are critical.

In many companies, the securities lawyer also serves as an expert resource, which means that he/she may need to give his/her legal opinion when determining new company procedures or policies. Being accurate and communicating the risks and benefits clearly are essential. The ability to resolve problems quickly, work and deal well with people, and share experience and information with staff are also important skills a securities lawyer or anyone interested in this field must possess

5 Ways to Destroy Fat and Keep it Off!

administrator — Mon, 11 Jan 2010 14:20:22 +0000

Step 1: Keep track of the calories you take in, including liquids!

If you need to lose weight quick then you need to stay ontop of your caloric intake. People often forget that what they drink can drastically affect their body weight just as the food they eat does. Many people ingest just as many calories through what they drink. Try switching to diet soda, cut back on the amount of sugar you put in your coffee and cut down on the alcohol. Also don’t waste your money on so called energy drinks, they are full of sugar!

Step 2: Diet + Exercise

If you want results you need to do both of them together. Cutting your calories alone will enable your body to lose fat but you will plateau eventually. Diet combined with an exercise routine that burns a good amount of calories will have you shedding that fat and you will lose weight quick.

Step 3: Track your progress correctly.

When people say they want to lose weight. They usually mean they want to lose fat! There is a big difference. You should measure your body fat percentage by using a skin fold test. You can do this by using an Accu-measure caliper. Just looking at the scale can give you a false reading. For example according to the scale you may have gained more weight, so you get frustrated when in fact you have gained muscle which is good. On the contrary you may have lost some weight according to the scale and think that you are progressing nicely not knowing that you have lost precious muscle.

Step 4: Be Consistent.

Stick with your diet and workout routine. If you’re doing what you’re supposed to be doing then you will see results within a month or so. Most people get frustrated and give up before that. Try your best not to skip workouts and stick to your diet. Motivation is key and staying motivated can sometimes be tricky. I would recommend finding a workout buddy that you can depend on too keep you on track. If you can find a person at work who is also on a diet then that’s bonus. It can sometimes be hard to resist eating junk during your lunch break when all your other co-workers are doing the same.

Step 5: Have fun

Don’t view working out as a chore but as something fun. When I first started doing cardio I would look for any reason to get off the treadmill. So it’s like I was sabotaging my workout before it even began. Now I motivate myself by competing with myself. For example every time I run on the treadmill I record all my stats such as how long I ran for, how many calories I burned etc and the next time I’m on it I try and beat my previous stats.

Losing weight can be very difficult if not done correctly. If you need to lose weight Quick then all you need to do is follow the above 5 ways to destroy fat and keep it off.

Difficulty promote your site? What you should do

administrator — Mon, 11 Jan 2010 13:52:07 +0000

Is certainly a question of the title above to be a question of thousands and even millions of webmasters all over the world to know the secrets of promoting the creation or the results of their work (read: webmaster), but not
few of the webmasters face difficulties in this area, so many between them form a community to share and tell
successful experiences to their fellow professional in an online forum, media electronics, tv and advertising products, even not rarely from some communities the courage to apply the tariff with a nominal amount of not less
to be included in their communities, of course it is for some webmasters with limited financial circumstances become an obstacle and even thought better to join in the community, from the fact above surely if we look at the diverse actors or warrior-warrior web to try to make a breakthrough, should be in thumb, but sometimes others can not enjoy it with a variety of reasons and rules causes.

of the things that we certainly can pull a conclusion that an important role a work or the work will be useful or become popular because promotional value.
there are some basic tips we can use to maximize the promotion value

1. Promotion plan.

as a basis or reference to a very basic and and are important factors
as a first step toward which the campaign web / blog . for more details
You can see the reference or base in the promotion planning Benefits of Advertising on Blogs in 2010.

2. follow-up.

This direction is the main concern is to learn about the primary search engine optimization and web directories . This is essential or mandatory guidelines for webmaster in promotional efforts.

3. equipment or completeness.

support instrument or tool is needed in terms of promotion and you can refer to deeper in why should you go for seomoz premium membership.

4. techniques or procedures

this case we need to deepen because of the things that can not be separated in efforts to promote our website or blog, you can learn techniques in great blog advertising techniques.

5. remove small amounts to the campaign but remember, must be in accordance with your financial situation, you can do it with how to target your google adwords campaign.

for other things depending on your perseverance and patience, which is you do the best for the promotion your website or blog.

Telling Tactics and Strategy To Win a Battle

administrator — Fri, 08 Jan 2010 07:36:43 +0000

centuries humans know the world of entertainment and the popularity of the event for developing and making money is the dream destination of every person, surely it must be supported also with the knowledge to achieve it, in other words is required for them to achieve some success with studying all aspects of support for the guidelines and with appropriate referrals to sources for books, electronic media, and online articles to basic Internet with respect thereto, all intended to obtain an appropriate conclusion in winning a game or a hilarious success, many of them who do not understand about the basic things to make a decision that resulted in those dreams were destroyed in transit, due to lack of information and knowledge both to ignore the basics above.
there are several factors in support to succeed, these factors are:

1. learn what the game according to your ability.
This is important and the basis for your initial step in studying the techniques and the right strategy.
2. choose an appropriate medium to realize your dreams is
This stage is the selection of the study and understand the purpose, then it is your master
3. visualize
4. staregy and choose the right tactics to learn how to play your opponent
5. develop the right strategy after learning how to play your opponent
6. strategies to avoid playing your way easily read by your main opponent.

by studying the above factors, all of these dreams can be found, I recommend to you a site that specializes in gaming and entertainment world as well also as a means to earn a living for success and develop strategies kretifitas you’ve learned, this site has a ranking of the world’s best games and entertainment by utilizing the Internet as a means of online media and liaison with other players around the world.

As for the facility offered very interesting, as well as variations of games and products presented are varied for comfort and convenience designed to pamper its members,
you can visit the site and feel the comfort, convenience and range of facilities on offer to you, but it is also very interesting that this site is presented by which this site as a guide to the best online casinos, poker rooms and gaming sites on the web, one that is popular enough slot machine rvm , slot machines are in rvm specialized and designed to further enhance the touch and the most popular modern facility ever to achieve your success and add to earnings, please visit this website address at www.casinoscandinavia.com,

wait moreover, enjoy and feel the touch of modern and most popular in this century and go for your great victory.

How to Order Fast, Precise, and Smart

administrator — Tue, 05 Jan 2010 05:11:30 +0000

Shopping is something fun and never become saturated for discussion every day. But while fun at times like many of the barriers such as bad weather, heavy rain, sometimes even uncomfortable when crowded because of the many visitors. Actually there is a quick way to make and distribute a hobby for the desired item, otherwise we will correct in determining brand, type, and price, and this is the usual way of smart people.

Some sites provide interesting information about various products available, but if we may judge it among all the sites had been found there is one that has more value. Try your ShopWiki look at the website and maybe you’ll argue with me that this is what we expect, because in addition to providing product information but also provide information low prices with good quality.

Loss thinks if we do not shop there because every time always provides new information that will never be outdated. On the other hand our shopping hobby became more and more enjoy shopping online because of the problems of rain, traffic, chills, etc., become nothing. It’s nice to shop at online because we’ll calm, safe, and comfortable, so that our hearts will be pampered by the serene atmosphere.

Practical Ways of Overcoming Asthma at your beloved’s heart fruit

administrator — Sun, 03 Jan 2010 06:28:14 +0000

Introduction

Popular scientific articles that follow will explain everything about asthma in children include:

Definition
2.

Classification
3.

Etiology (cause)
4.

Epidemiology
5.

Risk Factors
6.

Clinical Manifestation
7.

Examination Support
8.

Diagnosis Banding
9.

Management
10.

Prevention

Good read and follow …

Definition

According to National Asthma Guidelines for Children (PNAA) 2004, asthma is recurrent wheezing and / or persistent cough (settled) with the following characteristics:

occur in episodic,
*

tended at night / early morning (nocturnal),
*

seasonal,
*

after physical activity,
*

there is a history of asthma or other atopy in the patient and / or his family.

Classification

The division of asthma according to Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA, 2006) is as follows:

Intermittent
2.

Persistent mild
3.

Persistent’s
4.

Persistent heavy

Meanwhile, the International Pediatric Consensus III (1998) divides the degree of asthma becomes:

Rarely episodic asthma
2.

Frequent episodic asthma
3.

Persistent Asthma

Etiology (cause)

Genetic factors play an important role in asthma. Currently there are about 80 genes associated with asthma, one of which is ADAM-33 gene (a disintegrin and metalloprotease-33), genes found in 2002. In addition to genetic factors, causes of asthma is multi factor.

Epidemiology

Prevalence of asthma in the world’s total estimated 7.2% (6% in adults and 10% in children). Prevalence is highly variable. In Indonesia, the prevalence of asthma in children aged 6-7 years by 3% and for ages 13-14 years by 5.2% (Kartasasmita, 2002).

Based on reports the National Center for Health Statistics or NCHS (2003), the prevalence of asthma attacks in children aged 0-17 years was 57 per 1000 children (4.2 million the number of children), and in adults> 18 years, 38 per 1000 (number of adults 7.8 million). The number of women who experienced more attacks than men.

WHO estimates there are about 250,000 deaths due to asthma. Meanwhile, according to NCHS report (2000) there are 4487 deaths from asthma or 1.6 per 100 thousand population. Child deaths due to asthma are rare.

Risk Factors

Various factors that may affect the occurrence of asthma attacks, asthma incidence, severity of asthma, and deaths from asthma among others:

Gender

The prevalence of asthma in boys more than girls.

Age

Generally such as asthma symptoms first arose at a young age, ie in the first years of life.

History of atopy (allergy)

Reports from England; 16-year-olds with a history of asthma or wheeze, wheezing attacks will happen more 2X if the child has experienced hay fever, allergic rhinitis, or eczema. Some reports also show that allergic sensitization to allergens inhalan, milk, eggs, or nuts in the first year of life, is a predictor of asthma incidence.

Environment

Some allergens can increase asthma risk in children include: pet dander, house dust mites, mold, and cockroaches.

Ras

Asthma prevalence and incidence of asthma attacks on black race is higher than whites (Steyer et al., 2003).

Smoke

The prevalence of asthma in children exposed to cigarette smoke is higher than children who were not exposed to cigarette smoke.

Outdoor water polution

Some small particles in the air such as dust on the highway, nitric dioxide, carbon monoxide, or SO2, thought to contribute to asthma symptoms, but have not found evidence agreed.

Respiratory infections

RSV infection (respiratory syncytial virus) is a significant risk factor for the occurrence of wheezing at age 6 years. Meanwhile, recurrent viral infections that do not cause lower respiratory tract infections can give children protection against asthma.

Clinical Manifestation

* On a mild asthma attack:

- Children looked cramped as you walk.

- In infants: crying loudly.

- Position the child: to lie.

- Can speak with the sentence.

- Awareness: perhaps irritable.

- No cyanosis (bluish skin or mucous membranes).

- Wheezing was, often only at the end of expiration.

- Usually not using respiratory muscle aids.

- Intercostal retraction and shallow.

- Frequency of breath: fast (Tachypnoea).

- Frequency pulse: normal.

- No pulsus paradoksus (<10 mmHg)

- SaO2%> 95%.

- Pao2 normal, usually does not need to be examined.

- PaCO2 <45 mmHg

* In an asthma attack are:

- Children looked tight as she spoke.

- In infants: short and weak crying, difficult feeding / eating.

- Position the child: would prefer to sit.

- Can speak with the line severed / disconnected.

- Awareness: usually irritable.

- No cyanosis (bluish skin or mucous membranes).

- Send a loud, long expiration ± inspiration.

- Usually used aids respiratory muscles.

- Intercostal and suprasternal retraction, nature is.

- Frequency of breath: fast (Tachypnoea).

- Frequency pulse: fast (tachycardia).

- There pulsus paradoksus (10-20 mmHg)

- SaO2% of 91-95%.

- Pao2> 60 mmHg.

- PaCO2 <45 mmHg

* In severe asthma attacks without constant threat of breath:

- Children looked crowded while resting.

- In infants: do not want to drink / eat.

- Position the child: sit propped arm.

- Can speak the words.

- Awareness: usually irritable.

- There cyanosis (bluish skin or mucous membranes).

- Sent a very loud, sound, without a stethoscope during expiration and inspiration.

- Using a respirator muscles.

- Intercostal and suprasternal retraction, in nature, plus the nostril breath.

- Frequency of breath: fast (Tachypnoea).

- Frequency pulse: fast (tachycardia).

- There pulsus paradoksus (> 20 mmHg)

- SaO2% for <90%.

- Pao2 <60 mmHg.

- PaCO2> 45 mmHg

* In severe asthma attacks accompanied by the threat of stopping the breath:

- Awareness: confusion.

- True there is cyanosis (bluish skin or mucous membranes).

- Wheezing sound difficult or not.

- Use of respirator muscles: the paradox of movement torakoabdominal there.

- Shallow retraction / missing.

- Frequency of breath: slow (bradipnea).

- Frequency pulse: slow (bradikardi).

- No pulsus paradoksus; signs of muscle fatigue breath.

Guidelines for the raw value frequency conscious breathing in children:

Age of normal breathing frequency

<2 months <60 x / min

2 to 12 months <50 x / min

1 to 5 years <40 x / min

6 to 8 years <30 x / min

Guideline value of pulse frequency standard in children:

Age of normal pulse frequency

2 to 12 months <160 x / min

1 – 2 years <120 x / min

3 to 8 years <110 x / min

Examination Support

Examination of lung function

Checks can be done using peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) or peak expiratory flow (APE), pulse oxymetry, spirometri, muscle strength testing, the absolute lung volume, diffusion capacity.

In airway function tests, the most important thing is the forced expiratory maneuver to maximum. Measurements with this maneuver can be performed on children> 6 years old are forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and vital capacity (VC) with a spirometer and the measurement of peak expiratory flow (PEF) or peak expiratory flow (APE) with a peak-flow meter .

In the National Guidelines for Asthma Children (PNAA) 2004, to support the diagnosis of asthma of children, use restrictions:

1.
1.

PEF or FEV1 variability> 15%,
2.

The increase in PEF or FEV1> 15% after the inhaled bronchodilators,
3.

Decrease in PEF or FEV1> 20% after bronchial provocation.

Variability assessment should be done by measuring for> 2 weeks.

Hiperreaktivitas examination respiratory

Bronchial provocation test with histamine, metakolin, exercise or sports, and cold dry air, or with hypertonic saline is supporting a diagnosis of asthma in children.

Measurement of respiratory tract inflammation indication of non-invasive

Can be done by examining eosinophils sputum (phlegm) and measured the levels of NO ekshalasi.

Assessment of allergy status

This examination can help determine the risk factors or triggers of asthma.

In severe asthma attack, which required investigation is the analysis of blood gases (AGD) and chest X-ray projection images anterior-posterior (AP). Can be found on the AGD increased pCO2 and low Po2 (hipoksemia).

Diagnosis Banding

Asthma in children can be diagnosed appeal with:

GER
2.

rinosinobronkitis
3.

OSAS
4.

cystic fibrosis
5.

primary cilliary dyskinesis
6.

foreign body
7.

vocal cord dysfunction

Management

A. Medical Therapy

On a mild asthma attack, was given medication (reliever) in the form of beta-agonists are inhaled / oral, or adrenaline 1 / 1000 subcutaneous 0.01 ml / kg body weight / time with a maximum dose of 0.3 ml / time.
*

In an asthma attack were given the drug as above plus the provision of oxygen, intravenous fluids, oral corticosteroids, and treated at the ODC (one day care) or a day care room.
*

In severe asthma attacks, in addition to the above drugs, conducted in the initial provision of aminophylline and maintenance. Corticosteroids may be given intravenously. Oral steroids at a dose of 1-2 mg / kg body weight / day divided by 3 is given for 3-5 days. Recommended steroids prednisone and prednisolon is.

B. Supportive Therapy

Supportive treatment necessary in an asthma attack. In certain circumstances, such as complications of dehydration, metabolic acidosis, or atelectasis, necessary actions to overcome them. In special circumstances, such as a psychological disorder, then the role of a child psychologist or psychiatrist is needed because the stress is one trigger asthma attacks.

C. Surgical Therapy

Surgery is usually not necessary unless complications arise in the form of pneumothorax. In the circumstances required pungsi pneumothorax and if necessary the installation done WSD (water seal drainage) to remove the air from the pleura (the membrane or the membranes covering the lungs).

Following steroid preparations can be used for an asthma attack, but before you use it you should consult with your doctor or the nearest pediatrician.

A. Oral steroids

Prednisolon (generic name)

Trade name: medrol, medixon, lameson, urbason.

Dosage: 4 mg tablets.

Dose: 1-2 mg / kg body weight / day every 6 hours.

Prednisone (generic name)

Trade names: hostacortin, pehacort, dellacorta.

Dosage: 5 mg tablets.

Dose: 1-2 mg / kg body weight / day every 6 hours.

Triamsinolon (generic name)

Trade name: kenacort.

Dosage: 4 mg tablets.

Dose: 1-2 mg / kg body weight / day every 6 hours.

B. Steroid injections (injections)

M. Prednisolon succinate (generic name)

Trade name, dosage, dose, route:

1.
1.

Solu-Medrol, vial of 125 mg, 30 mg / kgBB in 30 minutes (high dose) every 6 hours, IV / IM.
2.

Medixon, vial of 500 mg, 30 mg / kgBB within 30 minutes (high dose) every 6 hours, IV / IM.

Hydrocortisone succinate (generic name)

Trade name, dosage, dose, route:

1.
1.

Solu-Cortef, vial of 100 mg, 4 mg / kgBB / times every 6 hours, IV / IM.
2.

Silacort, vial of 100 mg, 4 mg / kgBB / times every 6 hours, IV / IM.

Dexamethasone (generic name)

Trade name, dosage, dose, route:

1.
1.

Oradexon, 5 mg vials, 0,5-1 mg / kgBB bolus, followed 1 mg / kgBB / day given every 6-8 hours, IV / IM.
2.

Kalmetason, 4 mg vials, 0,5-1 mg / kgBB bolus, followed 1 mg / kgBB / day given every 6-8 hours, IV / IM.
3.

Fortecortin, 4 mg vials, 0,5-1 mg / kgBB bolus, followed 1 mg / kgBB / day given every 6-8 hours, IV / IM.
4.

Corsona, 5 mg vials, 0,5-1 mg / kgBB bolus, followed 1 mg / kgBB / day given every 6-8 hours, IV / IM.

Betamethasone (generic name)

Trade name, dosage, dose, route:

Celestone, 4 mg vials, 0,05-0,1 mg / kgBB every 6 hours, IV / IM.

Prevention

Environmental control, exclusive breastfeeding at least 6 months, potentially alergenik food avoidance, reduction of exposure to house dust mites and animal fur , has been shown to reduce the incidence of food allergy and atopic dermatitis, especially in infants.

In addition, every family who has a child with asthma should make environmental controls, among other things: prevent children from cigarette smoke; no furry pets such as dogs, birds, cats; improve ventilation of the room; reduce humidity room for children who are sensitive to house dust and mites.

Another preventive step is the prevention of primary, secondary, and tertiary. Primary prevention (prenatal) performed on pregnant women who have a history of atopy (allergy) to himself, family, children before, or the husband. Primary prevention aims to prevent the occurrence of sensitization in the fetus intrauterin (while in the womb) and performed when the fetus is still in the womb and breast. Pregnant women and nursing mothers should avoid the trigger factors (inducer) such as cigarette smoke or food alergenik.

Secondary prevention aims to prevent the occurrence of inflammation (inflammation) in infants or children who have sensitisasi. Target are babies or children who have parents with a history of atopy. Antihistamines administered over 18 months in children with atopy dermatitis and history of atopy in older people.

Tertiary prevention aims to prevent the occurrence of asthma attacks in children who already suffer from asthma. Prevention of avoidance of triggers and medication delivery controller (controller)

Crazy way to examine

administrator — Sun, 03 Jan 2010 06:12:37 +0000

Prof Barry J Marshall may be the only researchers in the world who want to drink the bacteria to prove the hypothesis. Barry James Marshall is an Australian doctor who proved that the bacterium Helicobacter pylori can lead to inflammatory disease of the stomach. This invention changed the belief that the medical community at that time believed that bacteria can not live in the human stomach has a high acid content (pH around 2). Many scientists reject the hypothesis, but Marshall was convinced that he was right.

In 1981 Marshall met with Robin Warren at the Royal Perth Hospital, at a training. They then studied the presence of bacteria associated with gastritis. A year later they developed the hypothesis that bacteria can cause stomach cancer and gastric inflammation.

Drinking Bacteria To (Research) Health

In 1984, Marshall drank a petri dish containing himself bacteria H. pylori and then immediately infected gastritis, with symptoms of discomfort in the stomach, nausea, vomiting and bad breath. Two weeks after infection, the results of Marshall’s stomach showed no bacteria. However, since forced his wife, Marshall and then taking the antibiotic immediately after that and could not re-check the negative results of the examination. This experiment was published in 1985 in the Medical Journal of Australia. This research eventually led to the discovery of a combination of drugs that can kill the bacteria H.pylori and gastric removed permanently injured.

Helicobacter pylori is a spiral-shaped bacteria that are sensitive to pH. These bacteria belonged to Gram-negative, microaerophilic and are living in between the layers of mucus and epithelial surfaces in the stomach. Spiral-shaped body and the existence of a Helicobacter pylori flagella can move from the lumen of the stomach (low pH) to the layer of mucus (pH neutral). Helicobacter pylori produces large amounts of urease enzyme which can outline of urea in the gastric juices into ammonia and carbon dioxide. Ammonia is produced to protect the influence of Helicobacter pyloridari acid. Helicobacter pylori produces a protein that blocks acid enable them to adapt to the low pH environment of the stomach.

International Agency for Research into Cancer (IARC) classifies H.pylori as “Class-I-Carcinogen” is included in the same category with the dangers of smoking to lung cancer and respiratory tract. Gastritis is a basic condition that can eventually lead to injury and other gastrointestinal complaints, and even can lead to stomach cancer. This disease affects nearly 50 percent of the world. The hypothesis that H.pylori is a causative factor of stomach cancer in the end accepted WHO

Solar eclipse observed the Safe and Simple

administrator — Sun, 03 Jan 2010 05:54:44 +0000

Solar eclipse events often create a scene, and that’s unusual natural phenomenon, although considered somewhat rare. One cause uproar is concern about the safety of the eyes, the fear that the sight of an eclipse was caused blindness.

Pupils

Like the diaphragm in the camera, the human eye has a pupil that can be widened or narrowed to measure the amount of light entering the eye. In the dark, dilated pupil diameter of 8 mm in order to collect enough light to allow people to see in the dark. On a sunny day, its diameter shrunk to 2 mm, even able to shrink to about 1.6 mm when faced with blinding light.

But measuring the pupillary light is finite, does not hinder the power of the radiance of the sun was so great. If calculated, direct light from the sun must be attenuated to be 50,000 times safe for the eyes, made the original power of 0.00002. If not, those who dared to challenge the sun is likely to be blind.

Therefore daily glare of the sun radiance is always avoided. But when the eclipse comes, people get interested to observe the sun’s face was turned into a scythe. Scarum was possible, ignorant of the danger.

Because at the time of eclipses, solar radiance partially blocked by the moon so natural to be dim and pupils were dilated. Just as people looked up at the sun, the pupils have not had time to react, when the sun’s surface brightness remains the same fierce with the daily, which shrink in size only to form crescent. It’s certainly an enormous danger that threatened blindness. Even more so when seen through binoculars, camera or other optical instruments are not modified, because there is the lens that focuses light and greatly increases the danger. Do not you ever seen a solar eclipse with the naked eye, especially with binoculars or a camera that is not equipped with a special.

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No need to worry, there are some safe ways to observe the events that once a year does not necessarily stop in the same area. The principle is widely used not see directly but watched the sun’s image on a surface. Like other way, of course the sunny weather is needed. A simple example of the form of cardboard boxes that can be made yourself (see picture).

Field of the width of about 30cm x 30cm were given a small hole (often called a pinhole) diameter of about 1 mm at a distance of 5cm from the edge. Through this hole, the sun will break through to form the image on the surface in the field below. The higher the size of the box, the greater the sun’s image. But for practical, high-box is sufficient if between 50 to 80 cm.

Then on the edge of the hole created as a place wide enough for both eyes to peer into the box. In use, with his back to the sun, holding the box while peering into the eyes. box tilted a bit to find the best direction that produces the sun’s image in the field below.

Two reasons that make this a safe box. First because a small hole only allows a little glow in the sun. Both because we are observing with his back to the sun, keep the eyes from the spotlight of the sun.

The same principle is also found in other places. Those who could not be prepared to make the box under the tree still get a little sunlight, so that in ordinary circumstances reveal bright dots on the ground. Look at the little dots that, when a solar eclipse to be a sickle shape. If the wind shaking the leaves, bright crescent sickle-it was funny to move around.